Latest Judgments of the Federal Court
Here you will find the most recent judgments of the Federal Court (BGer) from bger.ch. For the first three judgments, we present detailed summaries including facts, considerations, and dispositions. For the further judgments, you will find a summary of the facts. The complete summaries of all judgments are available on the portal of Lexplorer. There you can configure your newsletter and receive the latest judgments tailored to your areas of law.
1C_705/2025: Order regarding the withdrawal of a voting rights complaint concerning the cantonal referendum
Summary of the Facts
Karl Hotz filed a voting rights complaint on November 24, 2025, against the referendum of November 30, 2025, concerning the partial revision of the Hospital Act of the Canton of Schaffhausen. He requested the postponement of the vote. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court for jurisdictional reasons. The President of the I. Public Law Division rejected the request for postponement by order dated November 26, 2025, and set deadlines for the payment of a cost advance and for the comments from the parties involved. On November 28, 2025, the complainant withdrew his complaint.
Summary of the Considerations
The complaint was withdrawn by the complainant on November 28, 2025. According to Art. 32 para. 2 BGG, the proceedings are therefore dismissed as completed. In light of the circumstances, the imposition of court costs is waived (Art. 66 para. 1 and 2 BGG). No party compensation is to be provided (Art. 68 BGG).
Summary of the Disposition
The proceedings are dismissed due to the withdrawal of the complaint, no costs are incurred, and the order is communicated to the parties involved.
1C_595/2025: Judgment regarding the voting complaint concerning the referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Ramon Kübler filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Thurgau in connection with the nationwide referendum of September 28, 2025, on the E-ID law. He requested the annulment of the voting result and the declaration of the vote as null or invalid. The government council did not consider the complaint in its decision dated October 6, 2025, as the complaint period was not observed according to Art. 77 para. 2 BPR and the alleged irregularities had inter-cantonal effects. Kübler subsequently filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court.
Summary of the Considerations
- **E.1:** The complainant argues that he observed the complaint period by personally dropping the complaint into the mailbox of the city administration of Frauenfeld on the last day before midnight. The Federal Court doubts whether personal delivery would be legally valid but leaves this question open. - **E.2:** The previous instance also did not consider the voting complaint as the irregularities had inter-cantonal effects. The Federal Court states that such issues can generally be examined by it if they were already addressed in the cantonal proceedings. - **E.3:** The complaint does not meet the justification requirements according to Art. 42 para. 2 BGG, as the allegations of the complainant are general, unsubstantiated, and partly incomprehensible. It is not clear how his political rights could have been violated in the referendum.
Summary of the Disposition
The complaint is declared inadmissible and the court costs are imposed on the complainant, without awarding party compensation.
6B_220/2025: Judgment on attempted intentional homicide and deportation
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was accused of attempted intentional homicide and multiple bodily harm after he stabbed the complainant opponent in the torso with a kitchen knife, causing serious injury that required emergency surgery. The lower courts sentenced the complainant to a prison term of five and a half years, a six-year deportation, and compensation payments.
Summary of the Considerations
**E.1**: The files were obtained ex officio, and the complainant's request for procedural access to the files has been fulfilled. **E.2**: There were no serious errors in the official defense of the complainant, and the request to repeat all interviews was denied. No entitlement to procedural referral of the indictment was established. **E.3 to E.6**: Arbitrary findings of fact were denied. The sentence was determined based on eventual intent, the high degree of fault, and the dangerousness of the offender. The complainant's request for a milder sentence due to criminal record extracts, diminished culpability, and other circumstances was rejected. The previous instance's assessment of the self-defense argument and the qualification as attempted intentional homicide was confirmed. **E.7**: The deportation for six years was upheld, as there is no serious hardship case. The complainant and his family, who are Kosovo citizens, can live in Kosovo. It was taken into account that the previous instance made sufficient considerations of public interest. **E.8**: The civil claims of the complainant opponent and the cost orders in the cantonal proceedings remain unchanged, as the requested acquittal was not granted.
Summary of the Disposition
The complaint was dismissed and the court costs were imposed on the complainant. The dismissal of the civil claims and the unchanged cost orders in the cantonal proceedings were noted.
8C_649/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against a decision of the Administrative and Public Law Court of the Cantonal Court of Vaud dated September 30, 2025. The previous instance had declared the complaint against a notice from the Direction générale de la cohésion sociale (DGCS) dated March 31, 2025, inadmissible and had dismissed the further complaints against a decision of the DGCS dated May 6, 2025, as well as a decision on precautionary measures by the DGCS dated July 24, 2025, as unfounded. The dispute essentially concerned issues of support in the area of social assistance, particularly in connection with the assumption of electricity costs.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
8C_458/2025: Assignment of an employer to a UVG insurer by the compensation fund
Summary of the Facts
The Groupe Mutuel terminated the "Accident Insurance according to UVG" of A.________ AG at the end of 2024. The insurance broker of A.________ AG requested the assignment of a new insurer from the UVG compensation fund, as three UVG insurers had declined. The compensation fund assigned A.________ AG to SWICA Versicherungen AG. SWICA opposed the assignment but was confirmed by an opposition decision and cantonal court. It then filed a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_1212/2025: Decision on complaints regarding non-admission
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed criminal charges for appropriation and coercion as well as for alleged violations of personality rights, which were not pursued by the Zurich-Limmat public prosecutor's office with orders dated March 10, 2025, and June 17, 2025. This was confirmed by the High Court of the Canton of Zurich. Before the Federal Court, the complainant requested the appeal against these decisions but did not sufficiently demonstrate his standing and the violation of procedural rights.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_664/2024: Judgment on the distribution agreement and damages claim
Summary of the Facts
A distribution agreement was concluded between A.________ AG and B.________ LLC regarding outstanding invoices and damage claims. A.________ AG had not settled due invoices from B.________ LLC since January 2019. B.________ LLC asserted outstanding purchase price claims, while A.________ AG raised counterclaims as set-offs, which were only partially accepted by the previous instance. The Commercial Court of the Canton of Zurich partially accepted the original claim and rejected the damage claims of the complainant asserted as set-off. The Federal Court reviewed the present complaint against the judgment of the Commercial Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_594/2025: Judgment on the challenge of a building permit for the construction of a masonry wall
Summary of the Facts
The legal dispute concerns the construction of a wall on the property of the complainant opponent in Bellinzona, which affects the use of a path by the complainant and access to a semi-underground room. The building project was approved by the municipal council, and the complainant and another owner raised objections against it. The cantonal authorities and the administrative court dismissed the complaints, as there were no public law obstacles.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_605/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting rights complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Martin Walder filed a voting rights complaint on October 1, 2025, with the government council of the Canton of Aargau against the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identity and Other Electronic Evidence (E-ID law). He requested the voting result to be declared null or invalid, or alternatively to dismiss the procedure. The government council dismissed the complaint, to the extent it was admitted, and decided not to consider complaints with inter-cantonal effects. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court on October 15, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_205/2025: Decision on the lease agreement and resulting damages
Summary of the Facts
A lease agreement for a villa in Mont-sur-Lausanne was concluded between the parties. After contract amendments and several changes of ownership, water damage occurred due to flooding in October 2016. The tenants claimed substantial damages and terminated the lease due to deficiencies. The landlord raised claims for outstanding rent.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_673/2025: Order regarding the cantonal referendum on the partial revision of the hospital law
Summary of the Facts
Jennifer Iseli filed a voting rights complaint on November 7, 2025, regarding the cantonal referendum of November 30, 2025, on the partial revision of the hospital law in the Canton of Schaffhausen. She requested precautionary measures, including the suspension of the vote or the postponement of the publication of the voting result. The State Chancellery of the Canton of Schaffhausen forwarded the complaint to the Federal Court for jurisdictional reasons. Following an order from the President of the I. Public Law Division on November 13, 2025, rejecting the precautionary measures and further procedural steps, the complainant withdrew her complaint on November 20, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_569/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against an interim decision
Summary of the Facts
B.________ Sàrl filed an application on November 29, 2024, before the Tribunal de première instance in Geneva according to Art. 731b OR against A.________ SA, requesting the appointment of a commissioner to represent A.________ SA. The first instance court ordered the appointment of lawyer C.________ as commissioner on April 25, 2025. A.________ SA then requested the recusal of the judge due to alleged bias. The first instance decision was contested before the Chambre civile of the Cour de justice of the Canton of Geneva but was declared inadmissible due to the lack of a demonstration of a serious irreparable disadvantage.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
8C_313/2024: Decision regarding the review of an invalidity pension
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a recipient of a full disability pension since 1992, has been medically assessed multiple times over the years and reviewed by the IV office for the presence of grounds for revision. Following a multidisciplinary assessment report from 2016, further medical reports, and failed integration measures, the degree of disability was reduced from previously 100% to 58% and finally to 41% by the previous instance in 2022. The complainant filed a complaint with the Federal Court against this decision, requesting the continuation of the original full pension.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
8C_648/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a social assistance complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, filed a complaint against the decision of the cantonal administrative court (Tribunal cantonal du Vaud, Department of Public Law) that had dismissed his social assistance complaint. The Federal Court examined the admissibility of this complaint, particularly regarding the timely submission.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_559/2025: Judgment regarding the request for deportation and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the District Court of Emmental-Oberaargau to vacate her apartment in clear cases. She unsuccessfully appealed to the High Court of the Canton of Bern and the Federal Court, requesting free legal aid. The subject of the Federal Court's judgment was the question of the admissibility requirements of the appeal as well as the granting of free legal aid.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_249/2025: Judgment on the recusal request of a court clerk at the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________, owner of a road parcel, filed a recusal request against the court clerk F.________ of the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug, as he questioned her impartiality due to possible prior involvement and personal connection to the law firm of the legal representative of the complainants. The recusal request was dismissed by the previous instance, after which A.________ filed a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_508/2025: Decision regarding definitive legal enforcement and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court examines a complaint from the complainant against a decision of the High Court of the Canton of Bern, which granted definitive legal enforcement for maintenance payments in the amount of CHF 45,133.-- and denied the request for free legal aid. The complaint submitted to the Federal Court does not meet the justification requirements. A request from the complainant for free legal aid for the Federal Court proceedings as well as for the appointment of a free legal advisor is also present.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_551/2025: Review of alleged delayed justice in connection with an inter-municipal planning process in the Canton of Ticino
Summary of the Facts
The complainants A.________ and B.________ filed a complaint against the decision of the government council of the Canton of Ticino dated September 9, 2020, which approved the inter-municipal zoning plan PR-CIPPS of the municipalities of Collina d'Oro, Grancia, and Lugano on October 15, 2020. Despite repeated requests, the complaint was neither decided nor otherwise addressed by the Administrative Court of the Canton of Ticino until September 2025. The complainants therefore filed a complaint regarding delayed justice with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_933/2025: Non-admission of the complaint due to insufficient justification
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against the dismissal order of the public prosecutor's office, Department 1 Luzern, dated May 26, 2025. However, the Cantonal Court of Lucerne did not consider it on July 10, 2025. The complainant's submission was then forwarded by the Cantonal Court according to Art. 48 para. 3 BGG to the Federal Court, which accepted it as a complaint in criminal matters.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_235/2025: Judgment on the challenge of an international arbitral award regarding coal purchase contracts
Summary of the Facts
The parties disputed the conclusion and validity of coal purchase contracts (2021 contracts), which contained an arbitration clause. While the respondent claimed that the contracts were valid and the complainant had breached them, the complainant disputed the validity of the contracts and the arbitration proceedings, arguing that there was no consent and no representation during the decisive contract conclusion phase. The relevant arbitral tribunal found that the contractual conditions were met and the contract had been validly concluded. Accordingly, it ordered the complainant to pay USD 1,515,000.-- plus interest.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
5A_996/2025: Review of the validity of notifications in the enforcement procedure
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ questioned the validity of the delivery of three enforcement documents: a confiscation record from May 13, 2024, a payment order from May 16, 2024, and a seizure record from July 2, 2025. These documents could not be delivered due to their alleged unreachability in Croatia and were instead delivered by police to her residence in the Canton of Ticino, which she rejected. The cantonal authority declared A.________'s complaint against this delivery inadmissible and imposed a fine.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_684/2025: Withdrawal of driver's license - Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was indefinitely deprived of his driver's license for motor vehicles and the ship's license by the Road Traffic and Shipping Office of the Canton of Bern. After several instances and the legal force of a judgment of the Appeals Commission of the Canton of Bern from December 11, 2024, the complainant submitted new applications, which were treated by the Appeals Commission as a request for revision and subsequently rejected. The complaint filed against this before the Federal Court does not meet the statutory justification requirements and is therefore not considered.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_585/2025: Complaint in voting rights matters regarding the referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Richard Koller filed a voting complaint regarding the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the E-ID law. He requested the annulment of the vote in case of approval and objected that the federal government's voting explanations violated Art. 10a and Art. 11 BPR as well as Art. 34 para. 2 BV. The government council of the Canton of Bern did not consider the voting complaint. Koller then filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court, which also issued a non-admission decision.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
2C_649/2025: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
In the present case, the administrative dispute is based on a request for mutual assistance from the Spanish tax authority ("Agencia Tributaria") concerning information regarding A.________ for the period 2015 to 2018. Based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement between Switzerland and Spain (DBA CH-ES), the Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) granted mutual assistance, which was contested by the complainant before the Federal Administrative Court. The Federal Administrative Court dismissed the complaint. The core question before the Federal Court was whether the previous instances had made errors or whether a "question of fundamental importance" existed.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
6B_776/2024: Federal Court ruling on human trafficking and coercion
Summary of the Facts
The Basel-Stadt criminal court sentenced A.________ to 39 months in prison and a fine for multiple qualified human trafficking, whereby the appeal was partially upheld. The appellate court acquitted him of some charges and reduced the prison sentence to two years. The public prosecutor's office appeals with the aim of imposing a higher prison sentence on A.________ and rejecting the prosecutor's appeal.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_604/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Thomas Markus Keller filed a voting complaint with the cantonal commission of the Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden, in which he alleged irregularities in the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identity (E-ID law). He demanded the annulment of the vote. The cantonal commission did not consider the complaint on October 8, 2025, as the alleged irregularities had inter-cantonal effects. Keller then filed a voting rights complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
6B_773/2025: Judgment on the complaint against conviction for attempted intentional homicide and deportation
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is handling a complaint in criminal matters from the complainant A.________ against a judgment of the High Court of the Canton of Zurich regarding a conviction for attempted intentional homicide, the order of a deportation, and the obligation to compensate. A.________ primarily requests his acquittal, alternatively a reduction of his sentence, and sub-alternatively the waiver of a deportation.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_65/2023: Complaint against the decision on confiscation and compensation to third parties
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court assesses a complaint from A.________, B.________ Ltd, C.________ Ltd, D.________ Ltd, and E.________ Ltd against a decision of the Federal Criminal Court's Appeals Chamber. This had partially confirmed a confiscation and a compensation claim by the Federal Criminal Court and partially revoked it, as well as referred the issue of compensation for unjustified seizures back to the Federal Criminal Court for re-evaluation.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_738/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is dealing with a complaint from A.A.________ against a decision of the Chambre des recours pénale des Tribunal cantonal du Vaud dated June 19, 2025. The previous instance partially revoked a dismissal order from the Ministère public de l'arrondissement de l'Est vaudois and referred the matter back for further processing. The subject of the dispute is a procedure for property damage, in which A.A.________ appears as the accused after a confrontation with B.________.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
2C_650/2025: Decision on mutual assistance and inadmissibility
Summary of the Facts
On December 16, 2020, the Spanish tax authority submitted six requests for mutual assistance regarding taxpayer E.________ for the period 2015–2018, based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement (DBA) between Switzerland and Spain. The Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) issued several decisions for submission and granted mutual assistance on February 25, 2022. E.________, along with other parties, contested this decision before the Federal Administrative Court (BVGer). In a judgment dated October 2, 2025, the BVGer dismissed the complaint. A main point of contention was the allegation of a possible conflict of interest at the Spanish authority, as its officials allegedly received performance-based compensation. In a complaint to the Federal Court, the complainants centrally requested the annulment of the judgment and, alternatively, the redaction of names of recipients of payments.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_1209/2025: Decision regarding the extension of pre-trial detention
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a French citizen, was arrested on June 21, 2025, and has since been in pre-trial detention. He is accused of aggravated robbery with a knife threat and violation of the narcotics law. The previous instances extended the pre-trial detention due to concrete existing flight risk until December 19, 2025. The complainant requested the Federal Court to revoke the extension and his immediate release, subsidiarily subject to replacement measures (e.g., monthly bail of 1,000 euros, control reports, etc.).
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_826/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a complaint regarding the rejection of conditional release
Summary of the Facts
A.________ filed a complaint against a cantonal decision dated July 31, 2025, which confirmed the rejection of his conditional release by the Office d'exécution des peines (OEP) of the Canton of Vaud. This rejection was based, among other things, on the assessment that the conditional release was deemed premature due to his recent placement in closed Curabilis and his treatment. A.________ again filed a complaint before the Federal Court, which was declared insufficiently motivated and therefore inadmissible according to the judgment.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_551/2025: Dismissal of the rental conciliation procedure: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, contested the termination of his 2.5-room apartment and requested the declaration of invalidity and, alternatively, the extension of the rental relationship. The conciliation authority for rental matters of the Canton of Schaffhausen initially set a conciliation date, which it postponed due to an illness-related absence of the complainant. The complainant did not appear on the replacement date, prompting the conciliation authority to declare his request withdrawn. The complainant appealed, which was dismissed by the High Court of the Canton of Schaffhausen. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court, which was not addressed due to insufficient justification.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_601/2025: Inadmissibility of the federal voting explanations
Summary of the Facts
Michael Riggenbach filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Bern, requesting the invalidity and repetition of the vote as well as a new counting of votes by independent bodies. His complaint concerned the federal referendum on the Federal Act on Electronic Identity. The government council did not consider the complaint, referring to the lack of contestability of federal voting explanations and the inter-cantonal nature of the alleged irregularities.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
6B_487/2025: Hindrance of an official act, property damage, and sentencing in the context of a dangerous flight
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ drove on August 20, 2022, with at least 1.31 weight per mille alcohol concentration in his blood and committed various serious traffic violations during a flight. He collided with a police vehicle, which suffered damage of CHF 18,176.85. The District Court of Baden sentenced him to 27 months in prison, of which 21 months were suspended, as well as a fine. The High Court of the Canton of Aargau increased the prison sentence on appeal to 3 years, granted a suspended sentence for 2 years, and revoked a previously granted suspended sentence.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
7B_862/2025: Non-admission of the complaint against the dismissal of a criminal proceeding
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed a complaint before the Federal Court in criminal matters against the non-admission decision of the High Court of the Canton of Aargau regarding the dismissal of a criminal proceeding. The Federal Court reviewed the submission and found that the requirements for the justification of a complaint to the Federal Court are obviously not met, particularly regarding the complainant’s standing.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_680/2025: Non-admission of the complaint regarding public personnel law
Summary of the Facts
A.________ was a chemistry teacher at the Cantonal School B.________. His workload was reduced to 50% in 2023, which was later classified as unlawful by the Cantonal Court of Lucerne. The Cantonal School terminated the employment relationship on July 24, 2024, and denied any suspensive effect to a potential complaint. The Cantonal Court of Lucerne stated in its judgment of October 1, 2025, that the termination was unlawful but denied its nullity.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
1C_602/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against the decision of the government council
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, Stephan Werner Kocher, has challenged the voting result of the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identity and Other Electronic Evidence (E-ID law). The voting complaint was dismissed by the government council of the Canton of Aargau to the extent it was admitted.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_581/2025: Tenant eviction
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the Civil Court of Basel-Stadt to vacate a rental apartment by September 1, 2025, at the latest. The Appellate Court of the Canton of Basel-Stadt dismissed the appeal filed against it. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court. No responses were requested.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_155/2025: Validity of a transaction agreement in connection with medical liability
Summary of the Facts
A patient was severely injured during a surgical intervention in a clinic due to the erroneous use of highly concentrated acetic acid (98%). Following the serious complications, the clinic and the patient reached a transaction agreement for a payment of 1.5 million francs. The patient later declared the agreement void due to mistake and dolus, and filed a civil lawsuit.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.
4A_467/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint due to failure to pay the cost advance
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ Sàrl filed a complaint on September 22, 2025, against a judgment of the Cour d'appel civile des Tribunal cantonal du Vaud dated August 13, 2025. The case concerns a work contract. The Federal Court required the complainant to make a cost advance payment within a set deadline. This payment was not made, therefore the Federal Court declared the complaint inadmissible.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the portal.