Latest Judgments of the Federal Court
Here you will find the latest judgments of the Federal Court (BGer) from bger.ch. For the first three judgments, we present detailed summaries including facts, considerations, and dispositive parts. For the other judgments, you will find a summary of the facts. The complete summaries of all judgments are available on the Lexplorer portal. There you can configure your newsletter and receive the latest judgments tailored to your areas of law.
1C_705/2025: Order regarding the withdrawal of a voting rights complaint regarding the cantonal referendum
Summary of the Facts
Karl Hotz submitted a voting rights complaint on November 24, 2025, against the referendum of November 30, 2025, regarding the partial revision of the Hospital Act of the Canton of Schaffhausen. In this, he requested the postponement of the vote. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court for jurisdictional reasons. The President of the I. Public Law Department rejected the request for postponement with an order dated November 26, 2025, and set deadlines for the payment of a cost advance and for responses from the parties involved in the proceedings. On November 28, 2025, the complainant withdrew his complaint.
Summary of the Considerations
The complaint was withdrawn by the complainant on November 28, 2025. According to Art. 32 para. 2 BGG, the proceedings are therefore considered completed. In light of the circumstances, court costs will not be imposed (Art. 66 para. 1 and 2 BGG). No party compensations are to be provided (Art. 68 BGG).
Summary of the Dispositive Part
The proceedings are dismissed due to the withdrawal of the complaint, no costs are incurred, and the order will be communicated to the parties involved in the proceedings.
1C_595/2025: Judgment regarding the voting complaint concerning the referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Ramon Kübler filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Thurgau regarding the nationwide referendum of September 28, 2025, on the E-ID Act. He requested the annulment of the voting results and the declaration of the vote as null or invalid. The government council did not consider the complaint in its decision dated October 6, 2025, as the appeal period according to Art. 77 para. 2 BPR was not met and the alleged irregularities had cross-cantonal impacts. Kübler then appealed to the Federal Court regarding voting rights.
Summary of the Considerations
- **E.1:** The complainant argues that he upheld the appeal period by personally dropping the complaint into the mailbox of the city administration of Frauenfeld on the last day before midnight. The Federal Court doubts whether personal delivery would be valid but leaves this question open. - **E.2:** The lower court also did not consider the voting complaint as the irregularities had cross-cantonal impacts. The Federal Court states that such questions can generally be examined by it if they were already addressed in the cantonal proceedings. - **E.3:** The complaint does not meet the justification requirements according to Art. 42 para. 2 BGG, as the allegations made by the complainant are general, unsubstantiated, and partly incomprehensible. It is not evident how his political rights could have been violated during the referendum.
Summary of the Dispositive Part
The complaint is declared as not entered, and the court costs are imposed on the complainant, without awarding party compensations.
6B_220/2025: Judgment on attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was accused of attempted intentional homicide and multiple bodily injuries after he stabbed the complainant's opponent in the upper body with a kitchen knife, causing severe injuries that required emergency surgery. The lower courts sentenced the complainant to a prison term of five and a half years, a six-year expulsion, and compensation payments.
Summary of the Considerations
**E.1**: The files were taken into account ex officio, and the complainant's procedural request for file access was fulfilled. **E.2**: There were no serious errors in the official defense of the complainant, and the request for repetition of all interrogations was rejected. No claim for procedural remand of the charges was established. **E.3 to E.6**: Arbitrary findings of facts were denied. The sentence was determined based on the eventual intent, the high degree of guilt, and the dangerousness of the perpetrator. The complainant's request for a more lenient sentence due to criminal record extracts, diminished culpability, and other circumstances was rejected. The lower court's assessment of the self-defense argument and the qualification as attempted intentional homicide was upheld. **E.7**: The expulsion for six years was confirmed as no severe hardship was present. The complainant and his family, who are Kosovo citizens, can live in Kosovo. It was considered that the lower court made sufficient assessments of public interest. **E.8**: The civil claims of the complainant and the cost orders in the cantonal procedure remain unchanged, as the requested acquittal was not granted.
Summary of the Dispositive Part
The complaint was dismissed, and the court costs were imposed on the complainant. The dismissal of civil claims and the unchanged cost orders in the cantonal procedure were noted.
8C_649/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against a decision of the Administrative and Public Law Court of the Cantonal Court of Vaud dated September 30, 2025. The lower court had declared the complaint against a notice from the Direction générale de la cohésion sociale (DGCS) dated March 31, 2025, as inadmissible and dismissed the further complaints against a decision by the DGCS dated May 6, 2025, as well as a provision on precautionary measures by the DGCS dated July 24, 2025, as unfounded. The dispute mainly concerned issues of support in the area of social assistance, particularly in connection with the assumption of electricity costs.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_458/2025: Assignment of an employer to an UVG insurer by the compensation fund
Summary of the Facts
The Groupe Mutuel terminated the "Accident Insurance according to UVG" for A.________ AG at the end of 2024. The insurance broker of A.________ AG requested the assignment of a new insurer from the UVG compensation fund, as three UVG insurers had declined. The compensation fund assigned A.________ AG to SWICA insurance AG. SWICA opposed the assignment but was confirmed by the decision of the appeal and the cantonal court. It then appealed to the Federal Court.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1212/2025: Decision on complaints regarding non-proceeding
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed criminal complaints for misappropriation and coercion as well as for alleged personality violations, which were not pursued by the Public Prosecutor's Office of Zurich-Limmat with orders dated March 10, 2025, and June 17, 2025. This was confirmed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich. Before the Federal Court, the complainant requested the complaint against these decisions, but did not sufficiently explain his legitimacy to complain and the violation of procedural rights.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_664/2024: Judgment on the distribution contract and damage claim
Summary of the Facts
A distribution contract for a villa in Mont-sur-Lausanne was concluded between the parties. After amendments to the contract and several changes of ownership, water damage occurred due to flooding in October 2016. The tenants claimed significant damages and terminated the lease due to defects. The landlord raised claims for outstanding rents.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_594/2025: Judgment regarding the challenge of a building permit for the construction of a wall
Summary of the Facts
The dispute concerns the construction of a wall on the property of the complainant in Bellinzona, which affects the use of a path by the complainant and access to a semi-underground room. The building project was approved by the municipal council, and the complainant and another owner raised objections against it. The cantonal authorities and the Administrative Court dismissed the complaints as there were no public law obstacles.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_605/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Martin Walder filed a voting complaint on October 1, 2025, with the government council of the Canton of Aargau against the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identity and Other Electronic Evidence (E-ID Act). He requested that the voting results be declared null or invalid, and in the alternative, to dismiss the proceedings. The government council rejected the complaint as far as it considered it, deciding not to consider complaints with cross-cantonal impacts. The complaint was then escalated to the Federal Court on October 15, 2025.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_205/2025: Decision on the rental agreement and resulting damages
Summary of the Facts
A rental agreement for a villa in Mont-sur-Lausanne was concluded between the parties. After amendments to the contract and several changes of ownership, water damage occurred due to flooding in October 2016. The tenants claimed significant damages and terminated the lease due to defects. The landlord raised claims for outstanding rents.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_673/2025: Order regarding the cantonal referendum on the partial revision of the Hospital Act
Summary of the Facts
Jennifer Iseli filed a voting rights complaint on November 7, 2025, regarding the cantonal referendum of November 30, 2025, on the partial revision of the Hospital Act in the Canton of Schaffhausen. She requested precautionary measures, including the suspension of the vote or the postponement of the publication of the voting results. The State Chancellery of the Canton of Schaffhausen forwarded the complaint to the Federal Court for jurisdictional reasons. Following an order from the President of the I. Public Law Department on November 13, 2025, rejecting the precautionary measures and further procedural steps, the complainant withdrew her complaint on November 20, 2025.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_569/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against interim decision
Summary of the Facts
B.________ Sàrl submitted a motion on November 29, 2024, before the Tribunal de première instance in Geneva according to Art. 731b OR against A.________ SA, requesting the appointment of a commissioner to represent A.________ SA. The first-instance court ordered on April 25, 2025, the appointment of lawyer C.________ as the commissioner. A.________ SA then requested the disqualification of the judge due to her alleged bias. The first-instance decision was contested before the Chambre civile of the Cour de justice of the Canton of Geneva, but was declared inadmissible due to the lack of demonstration of a serious irreparable disadvantage.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_313/2024: Decision regarding the revision of a disability pension
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, who has been receiving a full disability pension since 1992, has been medically assessed multiple times over the years and reviewed by the disability insurance office for the presence of a revision reason. Following a multidisciplinary report in 2016, further medical reports, and failed integration measures, the degree of disability was reduced from previously 100% to 58% and finally by the lower court to 41% in 2022. The complainant appealed this decision before the Federal Court and requested the continuation of the original full pension.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_648/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a social welfare complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, filed a complaint against the decision of the cantonal administrative court (Tribunal cantonal des Kantons Vaud, Department for Public Law), which had dismissed his social welfare complaint. The Federal Court examined the admissibility of this complaint, particularly regarding the timely submission.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_559/2025: Judgment concerning expulsion request and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the Regional Court of Emmental-Oberaargau to vacate her apartment in cases of clear legal protection. She unsuccessfully appealed to the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern and the Federal Court, requesting also free legal aid. The Federal Court's ruling concerned the requirements for admissibility of the complaint and the granting of free legal aid.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_249/2025: Judgment regarding the disqualification request of a court clerk at the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________, owner of a street parcel, filed a disqualification request against court clerk F.________ of the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug, as he questioned her impartiality due to possible prior involvement and personal connection to the law firm of the representative of the opposing party. The disqualification request was rejected by the lower court, after which A.________ appealed to the Federal Court.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_508/2025: Decision regarding definitive enforcement and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court examines a complaint from the complainant against a decision of the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern, which granted definitive enforcement for maintenance payments amounting to CHF 45,133.-- and rejected the request for free legal aid. The complaint to the Federal Court does not meet the justification requirements. A request from the complainant for free legal aid for the federal proceedings and for the designation of a free legal representative is also pending.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_551/2025: Review of alleged delayed justice in connection with an intermunicipal planning process in the Canton of Ticino
Summary of the Facts
The complainants A.________ and B.________ filed a complaint on October 15, 2020, against the decision of the government council of the Canton of Ticino dated September 9, 2020, which approved the intermunicipal zoning plan PR-CIPPS of the municipalities of Collina d'Oro, Grancia, and Lugano. Despite multiple requests, the complaint was neither decided nor otherwise treated by the Administrative Court of the Canton of Ticino until September 2025. The complainants therefore filed a complaint regarding delayed justice with the Federal Court.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_933/2025: Non-acceptance of the complaint due to insufficient justification
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against the discontinuation order of the Public Prosecutor's Office, Department 1 Luzern, dated May 26, 2025. However, the Cantonal Court of Lucerne did not consider it on July 10, 2025. The submission of the complainant was subsequently forwarded by the Cantonal Court according to Art. 48 para. 3 BGG to the Federal Court, which accepted it as a complaint in criminal matters.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_235/2025: Judgment on the challenge of an international arbitration award concerning coal purchase contracts
Summary of the Facts
The parties disputed the conclusion and validity of coal purchase contracts (2021 contracts), which contained an arbitration clause. While the opposing party argued that the contracts were valid and the complainant had violated them, the complainant disputed the effectiveness of the contracts and the arbitration proceedings, as there was no consent and no representation during the crucial phase of contract conclusion. The relevant arbitration tribunal found that the contract conditions were fulfilled, and the contract was binding. Accordingly, it ordered the complainant to pay USD 1,515,000.-- plus interest.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
5A_996/2025: Review of the validity of deliveries in enforcement proceedings
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ questioned the validity of the delivery of three enforcement documents: a seizure report dated May 13, 2024, a payment order dated May 16, 2024, and a garnishment report dated July 2, 2025. These documents could not be delivered due to their alleged unreachability in Croatia and were instead delivered by police at her residence in the Canton of Ticino, which she rejected. The cantonal authority declared A.________'s complaint against this delivery inadmissible and imposed an administrative fine.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_684/2025: Driver's license revocation – Non-acceptance of complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant had his driver's license for motor vehicles as well as his boat driver's license revoked indefinitely by the Road Traffic and Shipping Office of the Canton of Bern. After several instances and the finality of a judgment by the Appeals Commission of the Canton of Bern dated December 11, 2024, the complainant submitted new applications, which were treated by the Appeals Commission as a request for revision and subsequently rejected. The complaint filed against this at the Federal Court does not meet the legal justification requirements and will therefore not be considered.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_585/2025: Complaint in voting rights matters regarding the referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Richard Koller filed a voting complaint regarding the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the E-ID Act. He requested the cancellation of the ballot in case of acceptance and objected that the Federal Council's explanations regarding the vote violated Art. 10a and Art. 11 BPR as well as Art. 34 para. 2 BV. The government council of the Canton of Bern did not consider the voting complaint. Koller then filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court, which also rendered a decision of non-acceptance.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_649/2025: Non-acceptance of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
In this case, the administrative dispute is related to a request for mutual assistance from the Spanish tax authority ("Agencia Tributaria") regarding information concerning A.________ for the period 2015 to 2018. Based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement between Switzerland and Spain (DBA CH-ES), the Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) granted the mutual assistance, which was challenged by the complainant before the Federal Administrative Court. The Federal Administrative Court dismissed the complaint. The central question before the Federal Court was whether the lower courts had made errors or whether a "question of fundamental importance" was present.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_776/2024: Federal Court judgment on human trafficking and coercion
Summary of the Facts
The Criminal Court of Basel-Stadt sentenced A.________ to 39 months of imprisonment and a fine due to multiple qualified human trafficking, with the appeal being partially upheld. The Appeals Court acquitted him of some charges and reduced the prison sentence to two years. The Public Prosecutor's Office is appealing with the aim of convicting A.________ to a higher prison sentence and rejecting the appeal of the Public Prosecutor's Office.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_604/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Thomas Markus Keller filed a voting complaint with the cantonal commission of the Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden, in which he alleged irregularities in the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identity (E-ID Act). He demanded the nullification of the vote. The cantonal commission did not consider the complaint on October 8, 2025, as the alleged irregularities would have cross-cantonal effects. Keller filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_773/2025: Judgment on the complaint against conviction for attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court deals with a criminal complaint from the complainant A.________ against a judgment of the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich regarding a conviction for attempted intentional homicide, the order of expulsion, and the obligation to pay compensation. A.________ primarily requests his acquittal, alternatively a reduction of his sentence, and sub-alternatively the waiver of expulsion.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_65/2023: Complaint against the decision on confiscation and compensation for third parties
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court assesses a complaint from A.________, B.________ Ltd, C.________ Ltd, D.________ Ltd, and E.________ Ltd against a decision of the complaint chamber of the Federal Criminal Court. This had partly confirmed and partly overturned a confiscation and a damage claim by the Federal Criminal Court, as well as referred the question of compensation for unjustified seizures back to the Federal Criminal Court for assessment.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_738/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court addresses a complaint from A.A.________ against a decision of the Chambre des recours pénale des Tribunal cantonal des Kantons Vaud dated June 19, 2025. The lower court partially overturned a discontinuation order from the Ministère public de l'arrondissement de l'Est vaudois and returned the matter for further treatment. The dispute concerns a procedure for property damage, with A.A.________ appearing as the accused after a dispute with B.________.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_650/2025: Decision on mutual assistance and inadmissibility
Summary of the Facts
On December 16, 2020, the Spanish tax authority submitted six requests for mutual assistance concerning taxpayer E.________ for the period 2015–2018, based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement (DBA) between Switzerland and Spain. The Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) subsequently issued several orders for disclosure and granted mutual assistance on February 25, 2022. E.________, together with other parties, challenged this decision before the Federal Administrative Court (BVGer). In a judgment dated October 2, 2025, the BVGer dismissed the complaint. A main point of contention was the allegation of a possible conflict of interest at the Spanish authority, as its officials allegedly received performance-related remuneration. In a complaint to the Federal Court, the complainants centrally requested the annulment of the judgment and alternatively the redaction of names of payment recipients.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1209/2025: Decision regarding the extension of pre-trial detention
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a French citizen, was arrested on June 21, 2025, and has been in pre-trial detention since then. He is accused of serious robbery by threatening with a knife and violating drug laws. The lower courts extended the pre-trial detention due to concrete existing flight risk until December 19, 2025. The complainant requested the Federal Court to revoke the extension and his immediate release, subsidiarily under the imposition of alternative measures (e.g., monthly bail of 1,000 euros, control reports, etc.).
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_826/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a complaint regarding the rejection of conditional release
Summary of the Facts
A.________ filed a complaint against a cantonal decision dated July 31, 2025, which confirmed the rejection of his conditional release by the Office d'exécution des peines (OEP) of the Canton of Vaud. This rejection was based in part on the assessment that the conditional release was considered premature due to his recent placement in the closed Curabilis and his treatment. A.________ filed a complaint before the Federal Court, which was declared insufficiently motivated and thus inadmissible according to the judgment.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_551/2025: Dismissal of the rental mediation procedure: Non-acceptance of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, contested the termination of his 2.5-room apartment and requested the declaration of invalidity as well as, in the alternative, the extension of the rental agreement. The mediation authority for rental matters of the Canton of Schaffhausen initially set a mediation date, which it postponed due to a sick leave notice from the complainant. The complainant did not appear at the replacement date, after which the mediation authority declared his request withdrawn. The complainant filed an appeal, which was dismissed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Schaffhausen. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court, which was not considered due to insufficient justification.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_601/2025: Inadmissibility of the Federal Council's voting explanations
Summary of the Facts
Michael Riggenbach filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Bern, requesting the invalidation and repetition of the vote as well as a new vote count by independent authorities. His complaint concerned the federal referendum on the Federal Act on Electronic Identity. The government council did not consider the complaint, referring to the non-appealability of the Federal Council's voting explanations and the cross-cantonal nature of the alleged irregularities.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_487/2025: Hindrance of an official act, property damage, and sentencing in the context of a dangerous flight
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ drove on August 20, 2022, with at least 1.31 weight percent alcohol concentration in his blood and committed various serious traffic violations during a flight. In the process, he collided with a police vehicle, which suffered damage of CHF 18,176.85. The District Court of Baden sentenced him to a prison term of 27 months, of which 21 months were conditional, as well as a fine. The Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau increased the prison sentence to 3 years after the appeal, granted conditional execution for 2 years, and revoked a previously granted conditional execution.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_862/2025: Non-acceptance of the complaint against the discontinuation of a criminal proceeding
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed a complaint in criminal matters before the Federal Court against the non-acceptance decision of the Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau regarding the discontinuation of a criminal proceeding. The Federal Court reviewed the submission and found that the requirements for the justification of a complaint to the Federal Court were obviously not met, particularly regarding the legitimacy of the complainant.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_680/2025: Non-acceptance of the complaint regarding public personnel law
Summary of the Facts
A.________ was a chemistry teacher at the Cantonal School B.________. His workload was reduced to 50% in 2023, which the Cantonal Court of Lucerne later classified as unlawful. The Cantonal School terminated the employment relationship on July 24, 2024, and denied any suspensive effect to a possible complaint. The Cantonal Court of Lucerne stated in its judgment of October 1, 2025, that the termination was unlawful, but denied its nullity.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_602/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against the decision of the government council
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, Stephan Werner Kocher, has challenged the voting results of the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identity and other electronic evidence (E-ID Act). The voting complaint was dismissed by the government council of the Canton of Aargau, as far as it was considered.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_581/2025: Tenant eviction
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the Civil Court of Basel-Stadt to vacate a rental apartment by September 1, 2025, at the latest. The Appeals Court of the Canton of Basel-Stadt dismissed the appeal filed against it. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court. No responses were obtained.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_155/2025: Validity of a settlement agreement in connection with medical liability
Summary of the Facts
A patient was seriously injured during a surgical intervention at a clinic due to the accidental use of highly concentrated acetic acid (98%). Following severe complications, the clinic and the patient agreed on a settlement against payment of 1.5 million francs. The patient later declared the agreement null due to error and dolus and filed a civil lawsuit.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_467/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint due to lack of cost advance payment
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ Sàrl filed a complaint on September 22, 2025, against a judgment of the Cour d'appel civile des Tribunal cantonal des Kantons Vaud dated August 13, 2025. The matter concerns a work contract. The Federal Court requested the complainant to make a cost advance payment within a set deadline. This payment was not made, and therefore the Federal Court declared the complaint inadmissible.
The complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.