Latest Judgments of the Federal Court
Here you will find the most recent judgments of the Federal Court (BGer) from bger.ch. For the first three judgments, we present detailed summaries including facts, considerations, and dispositives. For the remaining judgments, you will find a summary of the facts. The complete summaries of all judgments are available on the portal of Lexplorer. There you can configure your newsletter, and you will receive the latest judgments individually tailored to your areas of law.
1C_705/2025: Decision regarding the withdrawal of a voting rights complaint for the cantonal referendum
Summary of the Facts
Karl Hotz submitted a voting rights complaint on November 24, 2025, against the referendum of November 30, 2025, regarding the partial revision of the Hospital Act of the Canton of Schaffhausen. In it, he requested the postponement of the vote. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court for jurisdiction. The President of the I. Public Law Division rejected the request for postponement by decision of November 26, 2025, and set deadlines for the payment of a cost advance and for the response by the parties involved. On November 28, 2025, the complainant withdrew his complaint.
Summary of the Considerations
The complaint was withdrawn by the complainant on November 28, 2025. According to Art. 32 para. 2 BGG, the proceedings are therefore considered concluded. In light of the circumstances, court costs will not be imposed (Art. 66 para. 1 and 2 BGG). No party compensation is to be provided (Art. 68 BGG).
Summary of the Dispositive
The proceedings are dismissed due to the withdrawal of the complaint, no costs are incurred, and the decision will be communicated to the parties involved.
1C_595/2025: Judgment regarding voting complaint on the referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Ramon Kübler filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Thurgau in connection with the nationwide referendum on September 28, 2025, regarding the E-ID Act. He requested the annulment of the voting result and the declaration of the vote as null or invalid. The government council did not consider the complaint in its decision of October 6, 2025, as the complaint deadline was not adhered to according to Art. 77 para. 2 BPR, and the alleged irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. Kübler subsequently filed a complaint regarding voting rights with the Federal Court.
Summary of the Considerations
- **E.1:** The complainant argues that he met the complaint deadline by personally depositing the complaint in the mailbox of the city administration of Frauenfeld on the last day before midnight. The Federal Court doubts whether personal delivery would be valid but leaves this question open. - **E.2:** The lower court also did not consider the voting complaint as the irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. The Federal Court states that such questions could generally be reviewed by it if they had already been addressed in the cantonal proceedings. - **E.3:** The complaint does not meet the justification requirements according to Art. 42 para. 2 BGG, as the accusations of the complainant are vague, unsubstantiated, and partially incomprehensible. It is not clear how his political rights may have been violated in the referendum.
Summary of the Dispositive
The complaint is declared inadmissible, and the court costs are imposed on the complainant, without awarding party compensation.
6B_220/2025: Judgment regarding attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was accused of attempted intentional homicide and multiple bodily harm after he stabbed the complainant with a kitchen knife, causing serious injuries that required emergency surgery. The lower courts sentenced the complainant to a prison sentence of five and a half years, a six-year expulsion, and compensation payments.
Summary of the Considerations
**E.1**: The records were retrieved ex officio, and the procedural request for the retrieval of records by the complainant is fulfilled. **E.2**: There were no serious errors in the official defense of the complainant, and the request for the repetition of all interrogations was rejected. No claim for procedural remittance of the indictment was established. **E.3 to E.6**: Arbitrary in the establishment of the facts was denied. The sentence was assessed based on the eventual intent, the high degree of guilt, and the dangerousness of the perpetrator. The complainant's request for a milder sentence due to criminal record extracts, diminished culpability, and other circumstances was rejected. The lower court's evaluation of the self-defense argument and the qualification as attempted intentional homicide was confirmed. **E.7**: The expulsion for six years was confirmed, as no severe hardship is present. The complainant and his family, who are Kosovo citizens, can live in Kosovo. It was considered that the lower court made sufficient assessments of the public interest. **E.8**: The civil claims of the complainant and the cost requirements in the cantonal proceedings remain unchanged, as the requested acquittal did not occur.
Summary of the Dispositive
The complaint was dismissed, and the court costs were imposed on the complainant. The rejection of civil claims and unchanged cost requirements in the cantonal proceedings were noted.
8C_649/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against a decision of the Administrative and Public Law Court of the Cantonal Tribunal of Vaud dated September 30, 2025. The lower court declared the complaint against a notice from the General Directorate of Social Cohesion (DGCS) dated March 31, 2025, to be inadmissible and dismissed the further complaints against a decision of the DGCS dated May 6, 2025, as well as a decision on precautionary measures of the DGCS dated July 24, 2025, as unfounded. The dispute mainly concerned questions of support in the area of social assistance, particularly in connection with the assumption of electricity costs.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_458/2025: Assignment of an employer to an UVG insurer by the compensation fund
Summary of the Facts
The Groupe Mutuel terminated the "Accident Insurance according to UVG" for A.________ AG at the end of 2024. The insurance broker of A.________ AG requested the assignment of a new insurer from the UVG compensation fund, as three UVG insurers had declined. The compensation fund assigned A.________ AG to SWICA Insurance AG. SWICA opposed the assignment but was confirmed by a decision and cantonal court. It then filed a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1212/2025: Decision on complaints regarding non-admission
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed criminal charges for appropriation and coercion as well as for alleged violations of personal rights, which were not pursued by the Zurich-Limmat public prosecutor with decisions dated March 10, 2025, and June 17, 2025. This was confirmed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich. Before the Federal Court, the complainant requested the complaint against these decisions, but did not sufficiently present his standing to complain and the violation of procedural rights.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_664/2024: Judgment on the distribution contract and damage claim
Summary of the Facts
The A.________ AG and B.________ LLC are in dispute over outstanding invoices and damage claims based on a distribution contract. A.________ AG had not paid due invoices of B.________ LLC since January 2019. B.________ LLC claimed outstanding purchase price claims, while A.________ AG raised counterclaims as set-off, which were only partially accepted by the lower court. The Commercial Court of the Canton of Zurich partially upheld the original claim and rejected the set-off damage claims of the complainant. The Federal Court reviewed the present complaint against the judgment of the Commercial Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_594/2025: Judgment on the challenge of a building permit for the construction of a masonry wall
Summary of the Facts
The legal dispute concerns the construction of a wall on the property of the complainant in Bellinzona, which affects the use of a path by the complainant and access to a semi-underground room. The building project was approved by the municipal council, and the complainant and another owner lodged objections against it. The cantonal authorities and the Administrative Court rejected the complaints, as there were no public law obstacles.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_605/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Martin Walder filed a voting complaint on October 1, 2025, with the government council of the Canton of Aargau against the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification and Other Electronic Proofs (E-ID Act). He requested that the voting result be declared null or invalid, and alternatively that the proceedings be remitted. The government council rejected the complaint as far as it considered it, deciding not to consider objections with cross-cantonal effects. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court on October 15, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_205/2025: Decision on the lease agreement and resulting damages
Summary of the Facts
A lease agreement for a villa in Mont-sur-Lausanne was concluded between the parties. After contract amendments and several changes of ownership, there was water damage due to flooding in October 2016. The tenants claimed massive damages and terminated the lease due to defects. The landlord raised claims for outstanding rent.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_673/2025: Decision regarding cantonal referendum on the partial revision of the Hospital Act
Summary of the Facts
Jennifer Iseli filed a voting rights complaint on November 7, 2025, regarding the cantonal referendum of November 30, 2025, on the partial revision of the Hospital Act in the Canton of Schaffhausen. She requested precautionary measures, including the suspension of the vote or the postponement of the publication of the voting result. The State Chancellery of the Canton of Schaffhausen forwarded the complaint to the Federal Court for jurisdiction. After a decision by the President of the I. Public Law Division on November 13, 2025, rejecting the precautionary measures and further procedural steps, the complainant withdrew her complaint on November 20, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_569/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against interim decision
Summary of the Facts
B.________ Sàrl filed a submission with the Tribunal de première instance in Geneva on November 29, 2024, according to Art. 731b OR against A.________ SA, requesting the appointment of a commissioner to represent A.________ SA. The first-instance court ordered the appointment of lawyer C.________ as commissioner on April 25, 2025. A.________ SA then requested the rejection of the judge due to her alleged bias. The first-instance decision was contested by complaint to the civil chamber of the Court of Justice of the Canton of Geneva, but was declared inadmissible due to the lack of demonstration of a serious and irreparable disadvantage.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_313/2024: Decision regarding the revision of a disability pension
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a recipient of a full disability pension since 1992, was examined by doctors several times over the years and was reviewed by the IV office regarding the presence of a revision ground. After a multidisciplinary assessment report in 2016, further medical reports, and failed integration measures, the degree of disability was reduced from 100% to 58% in 2022 and finally to 41% by the lower court. Against this decision, the complainant filed a complaint with the Federal Court, demanding the continuation of the original full pension.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_648/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a social assistance complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, filed a complaint against the decision of the cantonal administrative court (Tribunal cantonal des Kantons Vaud, Department of Public Law), which had dismissed his social assistance complaint. The Federal Court examined the admissibility of this complaint, particularly regarding the timely submission.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_559/2025: Judgment regarding expulsion request and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the regional court of Emmental-Oberaargau to vacate her apartment in clear cases. She unsuccessfully appealed to the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern and the Federal Court, where she also requested free legal aid. The subject of the Federal Court judgment was the question of the prerequisites for admitting the complaint and the granting of free legal aid.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_249/2025: Judgment on the recusal request of a court clerk at the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________, owner of a road parcel, filed a recusal request against the court clerk F.________ of the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug, as he questioned her impartiality due to possible prior involvement and personal connections to the law firm of the representative of the opposing party. The recusal request was rejected by the lower court, after which A.________ filed a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_508/2025: Decision regarding definitive enforcement and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court reviews a complaint from the complainant against a decision of the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern, which granted definitive enforcement for maintenance amounts of CHF 45,133.-- and rejected the request for free legal aid. The complaint to the Federal Court does not meet the justification requirements. There is also a request from the complainant for free legal aid for the Federal Court proceedings as well as for the designation of a free legal advisor.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_551/2025: Review of alleged delayed justice in connection with an intermunicipal planning process in the Canton of Ticino
Summary of the Facts
The complainants A.________ and B.________ filed a complaint on October 15, 2020, against the decision of the government council of the Canton of Ticino from September 9, 2020, which approved the intermunicipal zoning plan PR-CIPPS of the municipalities of Collina d'Oro, Grancia, and Lugano. Despite several requests, the Administrative Court of the Canton of Ticino did not decide on the complaint until September 2025, nor was it otherwise addressed. The complainants therefore filed a complaint regarding delayed justice with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_933/2025: Non-admission of the complaint due to insufficient justification
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against the discontinuation decision of the public prosecutor's office, Department 1 Luzern, dated May 26, 2025. However, the Cantonal Court of Lucerne did not admit it on July 10, 2025. The complainant's submission was subsequently forwarded by the Cantonal Court according to Art. 48 para. 3 BGG to the Federal Court, which accepted it as a complaint in criminal matters.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_235/2025: Judgment on the challenge of an international arbitration award regarding coal purchase contracts
Summary of the Facts
The parties disputed the conclusion and validity of coal purchase contracts (2021 contracts), which contained an arbitration clause. While the opposing party claimed that the contracts were legally valid and that the complainant had violated them, the complainant denied the validity of the contracts and the arbitration proceedings, arguing that no consent was present and there was no representation during the crucial phase of contract conclusion. The relevant arbitral tribunal found that the contractual conditions were met and that the contract had been concluded bindingly. Accordingly, it ordered the complainant to pay USD 1,515,000.-- plus interest.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
5A_996/2025: Review of the validity of notifications in the debt collection procedure
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ questioned the validity of the delivery of three debt collection documents: a seizure record from May 13, 2024, a payment order from May 16, 2024, and a garnishment record from July 2, 2025. These documents could not be delivered due to their alleged unreachability in Croatia and were instead delivered by police at her residence in the Canton of Ticino, which she rejected. The cantonal authority declared A.________'s complaint against this delivery inadmissible and issued an administrative penalty.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_684/2025: Withdrawal of driver's license – Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was indefinitely deprived of his driver's license for motor vehicles and the boat driver's license by the Road Traffic and Shipping Office of the Canton of Bern. After several instances and the finality of a judgment by the appeals commission of the Canton of Bern dated December 11, 2024, the complainant submitted new requests, which were treated as a request for revision by the appeals commission and subsequently rejected. The complaint filed against this to the Federal Court does not meet the legal justification requirements and will therefore not be addressed.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_585/2025: Complaint in voting rights matters regarding the referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Richard Koller filed a voting complaint regarding the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the E-ID Act. He requested the annulment of the ballot in case of approval and objected that the federal voting explanations violated Art. 10a and Art. 11 BPR as well as Art. 34 para. 2 BV. The government council of the Canton of Bern did not consider the voting complaint. Koller subsequently filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court, which also issued a non-admission decision.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_649/2025: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
In this case, the administrative dispute relates to a request for mutual assistance from the Spanish tax authority ("Agencia Tributaria") regarding information about A.________ for the period 2015 to 2018. Based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement between Switzerland and Spain (DBA CH-ES), the Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) granted mutual assistance, which was challenged by the complainant before the Federal Administrative Court. The Federal Administrative Court dismissed the complaint. The core question before the Federal Court was whether the lower courts had made errors or whether a "question of fundamental importance" was present.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_776/2024: Federal Court ruling on human trafficking and coercion
Summary of the Facts
The Basel-Stadt criminal court sentenced A.________ to 39 months of imprisonment and a fine for multiple qualified human trafficking, with the appeal being partially upheld. The appellate court acquitted him of some charges and reduced the prison sentence to two years. The public prosecutor's office filed a complaint aiming to convict A.________ to a higher prison sentence and to reject the appeal of the public prosecutor's office.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_604/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID Act
Summary of the Facts
Thomas Markus Keller filed a voting complaint with the Cantonal Commission of Appenzell Innerrhoden, alleging irregularities in the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identification (E-ID Act). He demanded the annulment of the vote. The Cantonal Commission did not consider the complaint on October 8, 2025, as the alleged irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. Keller subsequently filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_773/2025: Judgment regarding the complaint against conviction for attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is handling a complaint in criminal matters from complainant A.________ against a judgment of the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich regarding a conviction for attempted intentional homicide, the ordering of an expulsion, and the obligation to pay compensation. A.________ primarily requests his acquittal, alternatively a reduction of his sentence, and sub-alternatively a waiver of expulsion.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_65/2023: Complaint against the decision on confiscation and compensation of third parties
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is assessing a complaint from A.________, B.________ Ltd, C.________ Ltd, D.________ Ltd, and E.________ Ltd against a decision of the Appeals Chamber of the Federal Criminal Court. This had partially confirmed and partially overturned a confiscation and a replacement claim by the Federal Criminal Court, as well as returned the question of compensation for unjustified seizures to the Federal Criminal Court for further assessment.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_738/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is dealing with a complaint from A.A.________ against a decision of the Criminal Appeals Chamber of the Cantonal Tribunal of Vaud dated June 19, 2025. The lower court partially overturned a discontinuation decision of the public prosecutor's office of the district of East Vaud and referred the matter back for further processing. The dispute concerns a procedure for property damage, in which A.A.________ appears as a suspect following a dispute with B.________.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_650/2025: Decision on mutual assistance and inadmissibility
Summary of the Facts
On December 16, 2020, the Spanish tax authority submitted six requests for mutual assistance regarding taxpayer E.________ for the period 2015–2018, based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement (DBA) between Switzerland and Spain. The Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) then issued several disclosure orders and granted mutual assistance on February 25, 2022. E.________, along with other parties, contested this decision before the Federal Administrative Court (BVGer). In a judgment dated October 2, 2025, the BVGer dismissed the complaint. A major point of contention was the accusation of a possible conflict of interest at the Spanish authority, as its officials allegedly received performance-related remuneration. In a complaint to the Federal Court, the complainants centrally requested the annulment of the judgment and, alternatively, the redaction of the names of payment recipients.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1209/2025: Decision regarding the extension of pre-trial detention
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a French citizen, was arrested on June 21, 2025, and has been in pre-trial detention since then. He is accused of aggravated robbery by threatening with a knife and violating drug laws. The lower courts extended the pre-trial detention due to concrete existing flight risk until December 19, 2025. The complainant requested the Federal Court to revoke the extension and to release him immediately, alternatively under the condition of substitute measures (e.g., monthly bail of 1,000 euros, control reports, etc.).
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_826/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a complaint regarding the rejection of conditional release
Summary of the Facts
A.________ filed a complaint against a cantonal decision from July 31, 2025, confirming the rejection of his conditional release by the Office d'exécution des peines (OEP) of the Canton of Vaud. This rejection was based, among other things, on the assessment that the conditional release was deemed premature due to his recent placement in closed Curabilis and his treatment. A.________ brought another complaint before the Federal Court, which was declared insufficiently motivated and therefore inadmissible according to the judgment.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_551/2025: Dismissal of the rental mediation procedure: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, contested the termination of his 2.5-room apartment and requested the declaration of ineffectiveness and, alternatively, the extension of the lease. The mediation authority for rental matters of the Canton of Schaffhausen initially set a mediation date, which it postponed due to a notification of absence due to illness from the complainant. The complainant did not appear at the replacement date, after which the mediation authority declared his application withdrawn. The complainant appealed, which was dismissed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Schaffhausen. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court, which was not addressed due to insufficient justification.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_601/2025: Inadmissibility of federal voting explanations
Summary of the Facts
Michael Riggenbach filed a voting complaint with the government council of the Canton of Bern, requesting annulment and repetition of the vote as well as a new vote count by independent entities. His complaint concerned the federal referendum on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification. The government council did not consider the complaint, citing the lack of contestability of federal voting explanations and the cross-cantonal nature of the alleged irregularities.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_487/2025: Hinderance of an official act, property damage, and sentencing in the context of a dangerous flight
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ drove on August 20, 2022, with at least 1.31 weight per mille alcohol concentration in his blood and committed various serious traffic violations during a flight. During this, he collided with a police vehicle, causing damage of CHF 18,176.85. The District Court of Baden sentenced him to 27 months of imprisonment, of which 21 months were conditional, as well as a fine. The Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau increased the prison sentence to 3 years after the appeal, granting conditional execution for 2 years and revoking a previously granted conditional execution.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_862/2025: Non-admission of complaint against the discontinuation of a criminal procedure
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed a complaint with the Federal Court against the decision of non-admission by the Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau regarding the discontinuation of a criminal procedure. The Federal Court reviewed the submission and found that the requirements for the justification of a complaint to the Federal Court are obviously not fulfilled, especially concerning the legitimacy of the complainant.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_680/2025: Non-admission of the complaint regarding public personnel law
Summary of the Facts
A.________ was a chemistry teacher at the Cantonal School B.________. His workload was reduced to 50% in 2023, which the Cantonal Court of Lucerne later classified as unlawful. The Cantonal School terminated the employment relationship on July 24, 2024, and withdrew the suspensive effect from any complaint. The Cantonal Court of Lucerne found in its judgment of October 1, 2025, that the termination was unlawful, but denied its nullity.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_602/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against the decision of the government council
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, Stephan Werner Kocher, has opposed the voting result of the federal referendum of September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification and other electronic proofs (E-ID Act). The voting complaint was dismissed by the government council of the Canton of Aargau, as far as it was considered.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_581/2025: Tenant eviction
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the Civil Court of Basel-Stadt to vacate a rental apartment by September 1, 2025, at the latest. The Appellate Court of the Canton of Basel-Stadt dismissed the appeal filed against it. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court. No responses were obtained.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_155/2025: Validity of a settlement agreement in connection with medical liability
Summary of the Facts
A patient was severely injured during a surgical intervention in a clinic due to the accidental use of highly concentrated acetic acid (98%). Following the severe complications, the clinic and the patient agreed on a settlement agreement against payment of 1.5 million francs. The patient later declared the agreement null due to error and dolus and filed a civil lawsuit.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_467/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint due to lack of cost advance payment
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ Sàrl filed a complaint on September 22, 2025, against a judgment of the Civil Appellate Court of the Cantonal Tribunal of Vaud dated August 13, 2025. The case concerns a work contract. The Federal Court required the complainant to make a cost advance payment within a set deadline. This payment was not made, which is why the Federal Court declared the complaint inadmissible.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.