Latest Judgments of the Federal Court
Here you will find the latest judgments of the Federal Court (BGer) from bger.ch. For the first three rulings, we present detailed summaries including facts, considerations, and dispositives. For the further judgments, you will find a summary of the facts. The complete summaries of all judgments are available on the portal of Lexplorer. There, you can configure your newsletter and receive the latest judgments tailored to your areas of law.
1C_705/2025: Order regarding the withdrawal of a voting rights complaint for the cantonal referendum
Summary of the Facts
Karl Hotz filed a voting rights complaint on November 24, 2025, against the referendum held on November 30, 2025, concerning the partial revision of the hospital law of the canton of Schaffhausen. He requested the postponement of the vote. The complaint was forwarded to the Federal Court for jurisdiction. The President of the I. public law department rejected the postponement request by order of November 26, 2025, and set deadlines for the provision of a cost advance and for the responses by the parties involved. On November 28, 2025, the complainant withdrew his complaint.
Summary of the Considerations
The complaint was withdrawn by the complainant on November 28, 2025. According to Art. 32 para. 2 BGG, the procedure is therefore considered closed. Given the circumstances, court costs will not be imposed (Art. 66 para. 1 and 2 BGG). No party compensation is to be provided (Art. 68 BGG).
Summary of the Dispositive
The procedure is closed due to the withdrawal of the complaint, no costs are incurred, and the order will be communicated to the parties involved.
1C_595/2025: Judgment regarding voting complaint related to the referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Ramon Kübler filed a voting complaint with the government of the canton of Thurgau in connection with the nationwide referendum on September 28, 2025, regarding the E-ID law. He requested the annulment of the voting result and the declaration of the vote as null or invalid. The government decided on October 6, 2025, not to enter into the complaint, as the complaint deadline was not adhered to according to Art. 77 para. 2 BPR, and the alleged irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. Kübler subsequently filed a complaint regarding voting rights with the Federal Court.
Summary of the Considerations
- **E.1:** The complainant argues that he adhered to the complaint deadline by personally dropping the complaint into the mailbox of the city administration of Frauenfeld on the last day before midnight. The Federal Court doubts whether personal delivery would be formally valid but leaves this question open. - **E.2:** The lower court also did not enter into the voting complaint as the irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. The Federal Court states that such questions could essentially be examined by it if they had already been raised in the cantonal proceedings. - **E.3:** The complaint does not meet the justification requirements according to Art. 42 para. 2 BGG, as the complainant's allegations are vague, unsubstantiated, and partly incomprehensible. It is not clear how his political rights could have been violated in the vote.
Summary of the Dispositive
The complaint is declared inadmissible, and the court costs are imposed on the complainant, without awarding party compensation.
6B_220/2025: Judgment on attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was accused of attempted intentional homicide and multiple bodily injury after he stabbed the complainant with a kitchen knife, seriously injuring him and necessitating emergency surgery. The lower courts sentenced the complainant to a prison term of five and a half years, a six-year expulsion, and compensation payments.
Summary of the Considerations
**E.1**: The files were obtained ex officio, and the procedural request for obtaining the files by the complainant is fulfilled. **E.2**: There were no serious errors in the official defense of the complainant, and the request to repeat all hearings was rejected. No claim for procedural referral of the indictment was established. **E.3 to E.6**: Arbitrary findings in the establishment of facts were denied. The sentence was based on the eventual intent, the high degree of fault, and the dangerousness of the offender. The complainant's request for a milder sentence due to criminal record extracts, diminished culpability, and other circumstances was rejected. The lower court's assessment of the self-defense argument and the qualification as attempted intentional homicide was confirmed. **E.7**: The expulsion for six years was confirmed, as no severe hardship exists. The complainant and his family, who are Kosovo citizens, can live in Kosovo. It was considered that the lower court conducted sufficient considerations of public interest. **E.8**: The civil claims of the complainant and the cost orders in the cantonal proceedings remain unchanged, as the requested acquittal did not occur.
Summary of the Dispositive
The complaint was rejected, and the court costs were imposed on the complainant. It was noted that the civil claims were rejected and the cost orders in the cantonal proceedings remained unchanged.
8C_649/2025: Inadmissibility of the Complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against a decision of the Administrative and Public Law Court of the Cantonal Court of Vaud on September 30, 2025. The lower court had declared the complaint against a notice from the Directorate General for Social Cohesion (DGCS) dated March 31, 2025, inadmissible and had dismissed further complaints against a decision by the DGCS dated May 6, 2025, as well as a provision on precautionary measures from the DGCS dated July 24, 2025, as unfounded. The dispute mainly concerned questions of support in the area of social assistance, particularly in connection with the assumption of electricity costs.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_458/2025: Assignment of an employer to an UVG insurer by the compensation fund
Summary of the Facts
The Groupe Mutuel terminated the "Accident Insurance under UVG" of A.________ AG effective December 31, 2024. The insurance broker of A.________ AG applied to the UVG compensation fund for the assignment of a new insurer, as three UVG insurers had declined. The compensation fund assigned A.________ AG to SWICA Insurance AG. SWICA objected to the assignment but was confirmed by the appeal decision and the cantonal court. It then filed a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1212/2025: Decision on complaints due to non-admission
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed criminal charges for property theft and coercion as well as for alleged violations of personality rights, which were not admitted by the Zurich-Limmat public prosecutor's office with orders dated March 10, 2025, and June 17, 2025. This was confirmed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich. Before the Federal Court, the complainant requested a complaint against these decisions but did not sufficiently demonstrate his standing to complain and the violation of procedural rights.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_664/2024: Judgment on the distribution contract and damage claim
Summary of the Facts
A distribution contract was concluded between A.________ AG and B.________ LLC regarding outstanding invoices and damage claims. A.________ AG had stopped paying invoices due from January 2019. B.________ LLC claimed outstanding purchase price claims, while A.________ AG raised counterclaims as a set-off, which were only partially accepted by the lower court. The Commercial Court of the Canton of Zurich partially upheld the original action and rejected the claims for damages asserted as a set-off by the complainant. The Federal Court reviewed the present complaint against the judgment of the Commercial Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_594/2025: Judgment on the challenge of a building permit for the construction of a masonry wall
Summary of the Facts
The legal dispute concerns the construction of a wall on the property of the complainant in Bellinzona, which impairs the use of a path by the complainant and access to a semi-underground room. The construction project was approved by the municipality council, and objections were raised by the complainant and another property owner. The cantonal authorities and the administrative court dismissed the complaints as there were no public law obstacles.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_605/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint regarding the federal referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Martin Walder filed a voting complaint on October 1, 2025, with the government of the canton of Aargau against the federal referendum held on September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification and Other Electronic Proofs (E-ID Law). He requested that the voting result be declared null or invalid, and alternatively, that the procedure be referred back. The government rejected the complaint to the extent it was considered and decided not to enter into complaints with cross-cantonal effects. The complaint was subsequently forwarded to the Federal Court on October 15, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_205/2025: Decision on the lease agreement and resulting damages
Summary of the Facts
A lease agreement for a villa in Mont-sur-Lausanne was concluded between the parties. After contract amendments and several changes in ownership, water damage occurred due to flooding in October 2016. The tenants claimed substantial damages and terminated the lease due to defects. The landlord raised claims for outstanding rent against this.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_673/2025: Order regarding the cantonal referendum on the partial revision of the hospital law
Summary of the Facts
Jennifer Iseli filed a voting rights complaint on November 7, 2025, regarding the cantonal referendum on November 30, 2025, concerning the partial revision of the hospital law in the canton of Schaffhausen. She requested precautionary measures, including the suspension of the vote or postponement of the publication of the voting results. The State Chancellery of the canton of Schaffhausen forwarded the complaint to the Federal Court for jurisdiction. Following an order from the President of the I. public law department on November 13, 2025, rejecting the precautionary measures and further procedural steps, the complainant withdrew her complaint on November 20, 2025.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_569/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against the interim decision
Summary of the Facts
B.________ Sàrl filed a submission with the Tribunal de première instance in Geneva on November 29, 2024, according to Art. 731b OR against A.________ SA, requesting the appointment of a commissioner to represent A.________ SA. The first instance court ordered on April 25, 2025, the appointment of lawyer C.________ as commissioner. A.________ SA subsequently requested the rejection of the judge due to alleged bias. A complaint was filed with the Civil Chamber of the Court of Justice of the Canton of Geneva challenging the first instance decision, but it was declared inadmissible due to the lack of a demonstration of a serious irreparable disadvantage.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_313/2024: Decision regarding the revision of a disability pension
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, who has been receiving a full disability pension since 1992, has been medically evaluated several times over the years and was reviewed by the IV office for the existence of a ground for revision. After a multidisciplinary assessment report in 2016, further medical reports, and unsuccessful integration measures, the degree of disability was reduced in 2022 from previously 100% to 58% and ultimately by the lower court to 41%. Against this decision, the complainant filed a complaint with the Federal Court and demanded the continuation of the original full pension.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
8C_648/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a social assistance complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, filed a complaint against the decision of the cantonal administrative court (Tribunal cantonal des Kantons Vaud, Department for Public Law) which had dismissed his social assistance complaint. The Federal Court examined the admissibility of this complaint, particularly regarding the timely submission.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_559/2025: Judgment regarding the request for expulsion and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was ordered by the Regional Court Emmental-Oberaargau to vacate her apartment in clear cases. She unsuccessfully appealed to the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern and to the Federal Court, also requesting free legal aid. The subject of the Federal Court ruling was the issue of the admission requirements of the complaint as well as the granting of free legal aid.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_249/2025: Judgment on the disqualification request of a court clerk at the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________, owner of a road parcel, filed a disqualification request against the court clerk F.________ of the Administrative Court of the Canton of Zug, as he questioned her impartiality due to possible prior involvement and personal connection to the law firm of the legal representative of the respondents. The disqualification request was rejected by the lower court, prompting A.________ to file a complaint with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_508/2025: Decision regarding definitive enforcement and free legal aid
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court reviews a complaint from the complainant against a decision of the Higher Court of the Canton of Bern, which granted definitive enforcement for maintenance payments in the amount of CHF 45,133.-- and rejected the application for free legal aid. The complaint to the Federal Court does not meet the justification requirements. A request from the complainant for free legal aid for the federal court proceedings as well as for the appointment of a free legal counsel is also present.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_551/2025: Review of an alleged delayed justice in connection with an inter-municipal planning process in the Canton of Ticino
Summary of the Facts
The complainants A.________ and B.________ filed a complaint on October 15, 2020, against the decision of the government of the Canton of Ticino dated September 9, 2020, which approved the inter-municipal zone plan PR-CIPPS of the municipalities of Collina d'Oro, Grancia, and Lugano. Despite several requests, the complaint was not decided or otherwise addressed by the Administrative Court of the Canton of Ticino until September 2025. Therefore, the complainants filed a complaint regarding delayed justice with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_933/2025: Non-admission of the complaint due to insufficient justification
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ filed a complaint against the dismissal order of the public prosecutor's office of Department 1 Luzern dated May 26, 2025. However, the Cantonal Court of Lucerne did not enter into it on July 10, 2025. The complainant's submission was subsequently forwarded by the Cantonal Court according to Art. 48 para. 3 BGG to the Federal Court, which accepted it as a complaint in criminal matters.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_235/2025: Judgment on the challenge of an international arbitration award regarding coal purchase contracts
Summary of the Facts
The parties disputed the conclusion and validity of coal purchase contracts (2021 contracts), which contained an arbitration clause. While the respondent claimed that the contracts were legally valid and the complainant had violated them, the complainant disputed the effectiveness of the contracts and the arbitration, asserting that no consent was present and no representation existed during the crucial phase of contract conclusion. The relevant arbitration tribunal found that the contractual conditions were fulfilled and the contract was concluded bindingly. Accordingly, it ordered the complainant to pay USD 1,515,000.-- plus interest.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
5A_996/2025: Review of the validity of deliveries in enforcement proceedings
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ questioned the validity of the delivery of three enforcement documents: a seizure report dated May 13, 2024, a payment order dated May 16, 2024, and a garnishment report dated July 2, 2025. These documents could not be delivered due to their alleged unreachability in Croatia and were instead delivered by police to her residence in the canton of Ticino, which she rejected. The cantonal authority declared A.________'s complaint against this delivery inadmissible and imposed a fine.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_684/2025: Revocation of driver's license - Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant's driver's license for motor vehicles and the boat driver's license were revoked indefinitely by the Roads and Shipping Office of the Canton of Bern. After several instances and the finality of a judgment from the Appeals Commission of the Canton of Bern on December 11, 2024, the complainant submitted new requests, which were treated by the Appeals Commission as a request for revision and were subsequently rejected. The complaint filed against this to the Federal Court does not meet the statutory justification requirements and is therefore not considered.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_585/2025: Complaint in voting rights matters concerning the referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Richard Koller filed a voting complaint concerning the federal referendum held on September 28, 2025, on the E-ID law. He requested the annulment of the ballot in the event of acceptance and objected that the federal explanations for voting violated Art. 10a and Art. 11 BPR as well as Art. 34 para. 2 BV. The government of the canton of Bern did not enter into the voting complaint. Koller subsequently filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court, which also rendered a decision of non-admission.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_649/2025: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
In the present case, the administrative dispute is based on a request for mutual assistance from the Spanish tax authority ("Agencia Tributaria") concerning information about A.________ for the period 2015 to 2018. Based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement between Switzerland and Spain (DBA CH-ES), the Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) granted the mutual assistance, which was contested by the complainant before the Federal Administrative Court. The Federal Administrative Court dismissed the complaint. The central question before the Federal Court was whether the lower courts had committed errors and whether a "question of fundamental importance" existed.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_776/2024: Federal Court judgment on human trafficking and coercion
Summary of the Facts
The Criminal Court of Basel-Stadt sentenced A.________ to 39 months imprisonment and a fine due to multiple qualified human trafficking, with the appeal being partially upheld. The Appeals Court acquitted him of some charges and reduced the prison sentence to two years. The public prosecutor's office filed a complaint aiming to convict A.________ to a higher sentence and to reject the appeal of the public prosecutor's office.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_604/2025: Inadmissibility of the voting complaint concerning the federal referendum on the E-ID law
Summary of the Facts
Thomas Markus Keller filed a voting complaint with the Cantonal Commission of Appenzell Innerrhoden, in which he asserted irregularities in the federal referendum held on September 28, 2025, regarding the Federal Act on Electronic Identification (E-ID Law). He demanded the annulment of the vote. The Cantonal Commission did not enter into the complaint on October 8, 2025, as the alleged irregularities had cross-cantonal effects. Keller filed a complaint in voting rights matters with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_773/2025: Judgment on the complaint against conviction for attempted intentional homicide and expulsion
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is addressing a criminal complaint from the complainant A.________ against a judgment of the Higher Court of the Canton of Zurich regarding a conviction for attempted intentional homicide, the order of expulsion, and the obligation to pay compensation. A.________ primarily requests his acquittal, alternatively a reduction of his sentence, and sub-alternatively the waiver of an expulsion.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_65/2023: Complaint against the decision on confiscation and compensation for third parties
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is judging a complaint from A.________, B.________ Ltd, C.________ Ltd, D.________ Ltd, and E.________ Ltd against a decision of the complaint chamber of the Federal Criminal Court. This had partially confirmed and partially overturned a confiscation and a replacement claim by the Federal Criminal Court, as well as referred the question of compensation for unjustified seizures back to the Federal Criminal Court for assessment.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_738/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The Federal Court is dealing with a complaint from A.A.________ against a decision of the Chamber of Criminal Appeals of the Cantonal Court of Vaud dated June 19, 2025. The lower court partially overturned a dismissal order from the Public Ministry of the East Vaud and referred the matter back for further processing. The issue of the dispute is a procedure for property damage, in which A.A.________ appears as the accused after a confrontation with B.________.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
2C_650/2025: Decision on mutual assistance and inadmissibility
Summary of the Facts
On December 16, 2020, the Spanish tax authority submitted six requests for mutual assistance concerning the taxpayer E.________ for the period 2015–2018, based on Art. 25bis of the double taxation agreement (DBA) between Switzerland and Spain. The Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) subsequently issued several production orders and granted mutual assistance on February 25, 2022. E.________, together with other parties, contested this decision before the Federal Administrative Court (BVGer). In a judgment dated October 2, 2025, the BVGer dismissed the complaint. A main point of contention was the accusation of a possible conflict of interest within the Spanish authority, as its officials allegedly received performance-related remuneration. In a complaint to the Federal Court, the complainants primarily requested the annulment of the judgment and, alternatively, the redaction of the names of payment recipients.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_1209/2025: Decision regarding the extension of pre-trial detention
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, a French citizen, was arrested on June 21, 2025, and has been in pre-trial detention since. He is accused of armed robbery by threatening with a knife and violating the narcotics law. The lower courts extended pre-trial detention until December 19, 2025, due to specific existing flight risks. The complainant requested the Federal Court to lift the extension and his immediate release, alternatively under compliance with substitute measures (e.g., monthly bail of 1,000 euros, control reports, etc.).
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_826/2025: Decision on the admissibility of a complaint regarding the rejection of conditional release
Summary of the Facts
A.________ filed a complaint against a cantonal decision from July 31, 2025, confirming the rejection of his conditional release by the Office d'exécution des peines (OEP) of the Canton of Vaud. This rejection was based, among other things, on the assessment that the conditional release was deemed premature due to his recent placement in closed Curabilis and his treatment. A.________ again filed a complaint before the Federal Court, which was declared insufficiently motivated and therefore inadmissible according to the judgment.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_551/2025: Dismissal of the rental mediation procedure: Non-admission of the complaint
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, A.________, contested the termination of his 2.5-room apartment and requested a declaration of ineffectiveness and, alternatively, the extension of the rental agreement. The mediation authority for rental matters of the canton of Schaffhausen initially set a mediation appointment, which it postponed due to a sickness-related absence notice from the complainant. The complainant did not appear at the replacement appointment, whereupon the mediation authority declared his request withdrawn. The complainant appealed, which was dismissed by the Higher Court of the Canton of Schaffhausen. Subsequently, the complainant filed a complaint with the Federal Court, which was not addressed due to insufficient justification.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_601/2025: Inadmissibility of federal voting explanations
Summary of the Facts
Michael Riggenbach filed a voting complaint with the government of the canton of Bern, requesting annulment and repetition of the vote as well as a new vote count by independent bodies. His complaint concerned the federal referendum on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification. The government did not enter into the complaint, referring to the lack of contestability of federal voting explanations and the cross-cantonal nature of the alleged irregularities.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
6B_487/2025: Hindrance of an official act, property damage, and sentencing in the context of a dangerous flight
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ drove on August 20, 2022, with a blood alcohol concentration of at least 1.31 weight percent and committed various severe traffic violations during a flight. He collided with a police vehicle, which incurred damages of CHF 18,176.85. The District Court of Baden sentenced him to 27 months of imprisonment, of which 21 months were suspended, as well as a fine. The Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau increased the sentence on appeal to 3 years, granted a suspended sentence for 2 years, and revoked a previously granted suspended sentence.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
7B_862/2025: Non-admission of the complaint against the dismissal of a criminal procedure
Summary of the Facts
The complainant filed a complaint before the Federal Court in criminal matters against the non-admission decision of the Higher Court of the Canton of Aargau regarding the dismissal of a criminal procedure. The Federal Court examined the submission and found that the requirements for the justification of a complaint to the Federal Court were obviously not met, particularly with regard to the complainant's standing.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_680/2025: Non-admission of the complaint regarding public personnel law
Summary of the Facts
A.________ was a chemistry teacher at the B.________ cantonal school. His workload was reduced to 50% in 2023, which was later deemed unlawful by the Cantonal Court of Lucerne. The cantonal school terminated the employment relationship on July 24, 2024, and removed any suspensive effect from a potential complaint. The Cantonal Court of Lucerne stated in its judgment of October 1, 2025, that the termination was unlawful but denied its nullity.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
1C_602/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint against the decision of the government
Summary of the Facts
The complainant, Stephan Werner Kocher, has complained about the voting result of the federal referendum held on September 28, 2025, on the Federal Act on Electronic Identification and other electronic proofs (E-ID law). The voting complaint was dismissed by the government of the canton of Aargau to the extent that it was considered.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_581/2025: Tenant eviction
Summary of the Facts
The complainant was instructed by a decision of the Civil Court of Basel-Stadt to vacate a rental apartment by no later than September 1, 2025. The Appeals Court of the Canton of Basel-Stadt dismissed the appeal filed against this. The complainant then filed a complaint with the Federal Court. No responses were obtained.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_155/2025: Validity of a transaction agreement in connection with medical liability
Summary of the Facts
A patient was severely injured during a surgical intervention in a clinic due to the erroneous use of high-concentration acetic acid (98%). As a result of the severe complications, the clinic and the patient agreed on a transaction agreement for the payment of 1.5 million francs. The patient later declared the agreement null and void due to error and fraud and filed a civil lawsuit.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.
4A_467/2025: Inadmissibility of the complaint due to lack of cost advance payment
Summary of the Facts
The complainant A.________ Sàrl filed a complaint on September 22, 2025, against a judgment of the Civil Appeals Court of the Cantonal Court of Vaud dated August 13, 2025. The case concerns a work contract. The Federal Court requested the complainant to make a cost advance payment within a set deadline. This payment did not occur, which is why the Federal Court declared the complaint inadmissible.
Complete summary of the judgment can be found in the Portal.