Latest Rulings of the Federal Court
Here you will find the most recent rulings of the Federal Court (BGer) from bger.ch. For the first three rulings, we present detailed summaries including facts, considerations, and dispositions. For the additional rulings, you will find a summary of the facts. The complete summaries of all rulings are available on the portal of Lexplorer. There, you can configure your newsletter and receive the latest rulings tailored to your legal areas.
4D_206/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal against the granting of a definitive legal opening and advance cost payment
Summary of the facts
The appellant filed an appeal against a decision of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Bern, which had not considered his original appeal against the granting of a definitive legal opening because the advance cost payment had not been made. The Federal Court reviewed the appellant's appeal and also did not consider it, as the requirements for justification were not met.
Summary of the considerations
- **E.1**: The Court of Appeal of the Canton of Bern did not consider the appellant's original appeal because he did not make the advance cost payment. - **E.2**: The Federal Court found that the appellant's appeal evidently did not meet the legal requirements for justification according to Art. 42 para. 2 and Art. 106 para. 2 BGG. It decided in a simplified procedure (Art. 108 para. 1 lit. b BGG) that the appeal would not be considered. - **E.3**: The request for free legal aid was dismissed, as the appeal was regarded as hopeless from the outset (Art. 64 para. 1 BGG). - **E.4**: The court costs were imposed on the appellant. The respondent was not granted any compensation, as he had not incurred any costs.
Summary of the disposition
The appeal and the request for free legal aid were dismissed, and the court costs were imposed on the appellant.
6B_163/2024: Dismissal of the appeal for failure to provide emergency assistance and unlawful employment of foreigners
Summary of the facts
A.________ was sentenced by the District Court of Lucerne, among other things, for failure to provide emergency assistance and for repeatedly employing foreigners without permission, to a conditionally executable prison sentence of nine months, a fine, and a penalty. The Cantonal Court of Lucerne largely upheld the conviction and made minor adjustments. A.________ filed an appeal in criminal matters with the Federal Court, seeking acquittals, among other things.
Summary of the considerations
- **E.1:** The Federal Court examined the accusations against A.________ and clarified that it relies on the findings of fact of the lower court. It explained in detail how arbitrary complaints and the presumption of innocence are evaluated. - **E.1.3-1.3.7:** The lower court found that A.________ had employed two persons without permits as scaffolders, and that no emergency assistance was provided to one of them after a serious accident. Indications such as DNA traces, mobile phone data, and witness statements support the findings. - **E.1.4-1.4.6:** The Federal Court rejected detailed complaints from A.________ regarding the factual findings and the evaluation of evidence. It noted that the lower court concluded coherently and understandably on unlawful employment and failure to provide emergency assistance. - **E.2:** Other requests (such as the return of seized amounts) were not further addressed due to the lack of acquittal.
Summary of the disposition
The appeal was dismissed, and the court costs were imposed on A.________.
7G_2/2025: Inadmissibility of the submission
Summary of the facts
The appellant A.________ requested a correction or supplement to a previous Federal Court ruling (7F_36/2025) from October 7, 2025, under Art. 129 BGG. He complained that certain considerations, particularly relating to an alleged expertise, had been disregarded in that ruling.
Summary of the considerations
E.1 The Federal Court explained that Art. 129 BGG only applies to corrections or interpretations of the judgment text when, for example, the disposition is unclear, incoherent, or erroneous. The appellant misunderstands that these provisions do not serve to make substantive changes to a decision. His submission does not meet the requirements of Art. 129 BGG and is therefore inadmissible. E.2 The appellant argues that a revision ground regarding Art. 123 para. 2 lit. a BGG was overlooked, but this is not substantiated. Even if the submission is interpreted as a request for revision, the prerequisites for it are lacking. E.3 Given the circumstances, no court costs are imposed. E.4 The appellant is warned that future similar submissions concerning the respective proceedings may be disregarded without further examination.
Summary of the disposition
The submission was declared inadmissible, and no court costs were imposed.
6B_360/2025: Partial acceptance of the appeal regarding commercial fraud and forgery
Summary of the facts
A.________, a real estate agent and intermediary, was reported by the public prosecutor's office of the Canton of Basel-Stadt for commercial fraud and multiple cases of forgery. He was accused of committing fraudulent acts and forgeries to obtain financial advantages. The Cantonal Court of Basel-Stadt definitively sentenced him to a prison sentence of three years and three months as well as a fine of 30 daily rates. A.________ appealed this ruling in criminal matters to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2C_573/2023: Request for recusal in supervisory proceedings
Summary of the facts
The appellant, A.________ AG, operates a rehabilitation center. Following a supervisory notice, the Department of Social Affairs of the Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden initiated an examination. A.________ AG requested the recusal of the head of the Social Affairs Office, B.________, which was rejected by both the cantonal Department of Health and Social Affairs and the Court of Appeal. With the appeal filed with the Federal Court, the appellant requested the cancellation of the ruling and the referral back to the lower court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4A_486/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal in a legal opening procedure
Summary of the facts
The Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zurich did not consider an appeal by the appellant against a decision of the District Court of Zurich in the legal opening procedure. The appellant then filed an appeal with the Federal Court. Furthermore, she contested the dismissal of a request for suspensive effect and submitted additional submissions.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_154/2025: Denial of an appeal regarding definitive legal opening
Summary of the facts
The appellant contested the dismissal of his appeal by the Cantonal Court of Wallis concerning the legal opening decision of the District Court of Brig, Östlich-Raron and Goms. The Federal Court examined the admissibility of the appeal.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
6B_285/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal against commercial and organized theft and deportation
Summary of the facts
The appellant A.________ was accused of having committed commercial and organized theft in complicity between June 2020 and March 2021 and of having withdrawn CHF 800 with a stolen bank card. He acted as a driver, brought the accomplices to crime scenes, and acted as a lookout. Furthermore, civil claims were made against him. The District Court of Bülach sentenced A.________ to a conditional prison sentence of 13 months with a probation period of two years, a five-year deportation, and damage compensation. The Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zurich confirmed the ruling, establishing the joint liability of the appellant with one accomplice for the damage claims.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
6B_32/2025: Ruling regarding violation of the Gaming Law
Summary of the facts
A.A.________ and B.A.________ are accused of having organized gambling outside licensed casinos. A.A.________ operated the establishment C.________ with machines and platforms for gambling, while B.A.________, as the owner of the premises, provided these and was involved in the management. Following police controls and fines from the ESBK, both were sentenced to fines and compensation claims. The lower courts confirmed these decisions.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4A_667/2024: Decision regarding the existence of a lease agreement and spatial eviction
Summary of the facts
In the present case, the parties disputed the alleged existence of a lease agreement regarding commercial premises in Geneva, whose lease was terminated by the tenants in a timely manner. After the expiration of the original lease and continued use of the premises by the previous tenants, negotiations on a new lease took place, which, however, did not lead to the conclusion of a new contract. The former tenants made monthly payments during this period, which the landlord considered compensation for illegal use of the premises. However, the tenants saw this as implied behavior to establish a new lease.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
8C_573/2025: Ruling on procedural requirements in accident insurance law
Summary of the facts
The appellant is appealing against the ruling of the Insurance Court of the Canton of Aargau dated August 15, 2025, which confirmed the rejection of the liability of Suva for complaints on the wrist due to lack of causality to the accident. The lower court relied on the assessment of an insurance physician and also considered other medical reports, in which no statements were found that contradicted the assessment of the lack of causality.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_169/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal in the legal opening procedure
Summary of the facts
The appellant filed an appeal with the Federal Court against a decision of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Schaffhausen, which denied the legal opening and confirmed the lower court's decision. The appeal was aimed at the definitive legal opening and also included further requests that were, however, outside the scope of the appeal.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4A_488/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal
Summary of the facts
The appellant filed an appeal with the Federal Court against a ruling of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zurich, which did not consider her request for the granting of suspensive effect. The appellant repeated her requests for suspensive effect and suspension of the proceedings during the Federal Court proceedings. The Federal Court examined the submissions and found that the appeal did not meet the legal requirements for justification.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_152/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal
Summary of the facts
The appellant (A.________) filed an appeal against the decision of the Cantonal Court of Wallis, which dismissed his appeal regarding a legal opening decision. He filed an appeal with the Federal Court against this decision of the Cantonal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_916/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal
Summary of the facts
A child and adult protection authority (APEA) in the Canton of Jura ordered a guardianship under Art. 308 para. 1 ZGB for several children of A.________ and B.________ due to their need for protection and later extended the measure to two other children. The parents contested these measures before the Administrative Court of the Cantonal Tribunal of Jura, which confirmed them. The parents filed an appeal to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4A_375/2025: Decision on local jurisdiction and procedural prerequisites for a damages claim
Summary of the facts
A.________ filed a lawsuit against B.B.________ (resident in Morocco) for about CHF 2 million, concerning two contracts regarding real estate in Spain. After raising objections to jurisdiction, the Cantonal Court limited the proceedings to examining the procedural prerequisites. Later, A.________ extended the lawsuit to C.B.________, C.________, and D.________. Both lawsuits were dismissed by the Cantonal Court (no further consideration). The Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zug also did not consider the appeal.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
6B_743/2025: Ruling on deportation of a criminal
Summary of the facts
A.________ was definitively sentenced to five years of imprisonment for qualified robbery and other offenses, as well as an eight-year deportation. He has been in Switzerland since 2008, was provisionally admitted, and lives in precarious conditions. He appealed against the deportation, arguing that future execution barriers should already be taken into account.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
7B_1094/2025: Appeal regarding the extension of pre-trial detention
Summary of the facts
The appellant A.________ was arrested on suspicion of various economic crimes (including fraud, money laundering). The pre-trial detention was extended several times by the judge of the coercive measures. A.________ appealed against the last extension before the cantonal instance and requested his release or, alternatively, the ordering of substitute measures. The cantonal appeal was dismissed, which is why he brought the matter before the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_153/2025: Inadmissibility due to non-payment of advance costs
Summary of the facts
The Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zurich required the appellant in a legal opening matter to pay an advance cost. The appellant filed an appeal to the Federal Court but missed the deadline for the payment of the imposed advance costs. Despite an extension for a non-extendable additional deadline, the appellant did not fulfill his payment obligation.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_913/2025: Ruling on the request for determination of an appeal object
Summary of the facts
The authority for child protection and adult protection of the Canton of Jura (APEA) ordered on September 11, 2025, the protective deprivation of liberty of A.________ for the purposes of an expertise. A.________ appealed this decision to the Administrative Court of the Canton of Jura. However, the court found that the appeal had become moot and removed the proceedings from the register. A.________ subsequently filed an appeal in civil matters with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
6B_277/2024: Ruling regarding multiple issuance of a false medical certificate
Summary of the facts
The appellant, a doctor, was accused of having issued 17 false medical certificates, particularly mask and vaccination exemptions. In the first instance, he was sentenced to a conditional prison sentence of 8 months and a fine, while 80 other cases were decided in his favor. The lower court confirmed the ruling, although evidence, including the evaluation of a mobile phone of the appellant, showed absolute admissibility problems. The appellant turned to the Federal Court with the appeal.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
6B_709/2024: Ruling of the Federal Court on sexual assaults on minors
Summary of the facts
The appellant A.________ was convicted in several rulings for sexual assaults on minors and other offenses, including coercion. He received a total prison sentence of 34 months, with 12 months absolute and 22 months conditional with a probation period of five years. He must also pay a fine of 1,000 francs. A.________ worked as a football coach and had supervised several minors, including B.________ and C.________, who were victims in this proceeding. Despite his claims of innocence, he defended himself against the serious allegations, which spanned a long period. The court found that A.________ exercised significant psychological control over the victims through his relationship with them.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2C_246/2025: CO2 sanction according to the CO2 Act: Objection to the expiration of the deadline and calculation method
Summary of the facts
The Federal Office for Energy (BFE) imposed a CO2 sanction of CHF 52,609.05 against A.________ AG for the year 2021, as it did not submit its CoC-based vehicle data in time. A.________ AG requested the consideration of further CoC data submitted after the deadline, which BFE rejected. An appeal to the Federal Administrative Court was dismissed, and now A.________ AG has turned to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2C_164/2025: Inadmissibility of the residence permit and visa extension
Summary of the facts
A.________ and B.________, both citizens of Russia and parents of a daughter living in Switzerland with Swiss nationality, applied for a residence permit and the extension of their Schengen visa. They justified their request, among other things, with health problems that would require support from their daughter. The cantonal authorities rejected the requests. The appeal went through several instances before reaching the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_943/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal and dismissal of the request for free legal aid
Summary of the facts
The appellant 1 filed a liability lawsuit according to Art. 454 ZGB with the District Court of St. Gallen and requested the granting of free legal aid. After the District Court informed that the proceedings could last longer, the appellants filed a delay complaint. The Cantonal Court did not consider the appeal of appellant 2 and dismissed that of appellant 1. The appellants appealed against this decision to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2D_21/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal against the execution of the expulsion and reconsideration of an asylum decision
Summary of the facts
The Nigerian citizen A.________ submitted an asylum application that was rejected by the State Secretariat for Migration (SEM) on February 6, 2025. After failing to pay the advance costs, the Federal Administrative Court did not consider the appeal filed against it. A request for reconsideration dated July 4, 2025, was also dismissed. Against the interim ruling of the Federal Administrative Court dated August 19, 2025, which denied a request for suspensive effect, A.________ appealed to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_738/2024: Recovery of erroneously paid advance payments – Competencies of the debt enforcement office
Summary of the facts
Between the parties A.________ (creditor) and B.________ (debt enforcement debtor) there are disputes regarding a debt enforcement that was temporarily suspended. The Emmen debt enforcement office demanded the repayment of advance payments that had been erroneously paid during the suspension of the debt enforcement. A.________ initially contested this ruling before the District Court of Hochdorf and then before the Cantonal Court of Lucerne, but without success. Ultimately, she appealed in civil matters to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
7G_4/2025: Supplement and correction of the ruling
Summary of the facts
With the ruling from October 15, 2025 (7B_980/2025), the Federal Court ordered the release of A.________ and instructed the public prosecutor's office to release him immediately. However, the disposition did not contain any provision regarding the costs and compensation consequences in the proceedings before the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Bern. This is now corrected in the present ruling.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_178/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal
Summary of the facts
The subject of the proceedings is a legal opening matter. The appellant had filed an appeal with the Federal Court against a decision of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Zurich dated August 14, 2025. The Court of Appeal had previously not considered an appeal by the appellant against the legal opening ruling of the District Court of Zurich dated July 4, 2025, and had dismissed his request for free legal aid. The Federal Court also dealt with a request from the appellant for an extension of the appeal deadline and rejected it.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
8C_684/2024: Decision on the denial of a pension claim and professional measures in disability insurance
Summary of the facts
A.________ first registered for disability insurance benefits in 2014, which was rejected in 2015. An investigation initiated again in 2017 also found no degree of disability. After a renewed application in 2022, the IV office denied again a claim for professional measures and pension benefits with a decision dated November 16, 2023. The Insurance Court of the Canton of St. Gallen confirmed this decision. A.________ filed an appeal in public law matters with the Federal Court, requesting the referral of the matter back to the IV office.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_180/2025: Non-consideration of an appeal regarding exequatur and definitive legal opening
Summary of the facts
The appellant turned to the Federal Court against the decision of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Bern, which did not consider her appeal in connection with the enforcement declaration and the granting of definitive legal opening for the amount of CHF 7,802.51.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_960/2025: Ruling on income attachment and calculation of minimum subsistence
Summary of the facts
The debt enforcement office Bern-Mittelland conducted an attachment on August 5, 2025, and set the minimum subsistence of the appellant on August 11, 2025. The appellant unsuccessfully appealed against this determination and against a subsequently carried out recalculation of the minimum subsistence before the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Bern, which intervened partially correctively. The appellant subsequently filed an appeal with the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
8C_439/2025: Inadmissibility of an appeal in insurance law
Summary of the facts
The lower court, the Administrative Court of the Canton of Bern, decided on July 10, 2025, to declare the appeal of A.________ against a decision of the CNA due to late submission as inadmissible (E.1). A.________ then filed an appeal with the Federal Court on August 8, 2025 (E.2).
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
7B_608/2025: Inadmissibility of the appeal against the non-initiation of a criminal investigation
Summary of the facts
The appellants A.A.________ and B.A.________ filed an appeal with the Federal Court against the ruling of the Cantonal Court of Fribourg, Criminal Chamber, dated June 4, 2025. This had dismissed the appellants' appeal against the non-initiation decision of the Fribourg public prosecutor's office dated April 15, 2025.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5A_55/2025: Decision on maintenance, custody, and personal contact in a dispute over child matters
Summary of the facts
An unmarried couple disputed in the courts of the Canton of Zurich over parental custody, care arrangements, and child maintenance for their son C.________ (born 2017). Before the District Court of Bülach, the parties partially reached an agreement but left other aspects to be decided. The District Court ordered alternating custody, which the Court of Appeal later changed to sole custody of the mother, accompanied by regulated personal contact of the father and a re-determination of maintenance contributions. The father appealed against the ruling of the Court of Appeal to the Federal Court, requesting the restoration of alternating custody or at least an increase in visitation rights.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
5F_70/2025: Ruling on the request for revision against the ruling 5A_630/2025
Summary of the facts
In the context of a long-standing divorce proceeding, the applicant requested the revision of the Federal Court's ruling 5A_630/2025, which had not been considered due to a lack of advance costs on a previous submission by the applicant. He demanded in the revision proceedings, among other things, the recusal of the participating court members, the suspension of the earlier proceedings, and free legal aid.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
8C_35/2025: Ruling regarding unemployment compensation and suspension of entitlement
Summary of the facts
The respondent (A.________) was initially unemployed after the end of her maternity leave and applied for unemployment benefits. After she did not take up a position assigned to her due to the indicated salary level, the Office for Industry, Trade, and Labor (KIGA) Baselland suspended her entitlement for 38 days. The Cantonal Court of Basel-Landschaft overturned this notice of objection, as the financial reasonableness of the position could not be sufficiently demonstrated, resulting in a lack of evidence.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2C_64/2025: Requirements for identity verification when converting a provisional admission into a residence permit
Summary of the facts
An Eritrean national, who has lived in Switzerland since 2014 and has provisional admission, requested the conversion into a residence permit. Although he met all integration criteria, the competent authorities refused the permit due to a lack of a valid Eritrean passport. The individual refused to sign a so-called "declaration of remorse" required by the Eritrean government for the issuance of the passport, which includes an admission of illegal behavior. The cantonal court instance decided in favor of the individual, stating that the authorities cannot force him to present a passport. The SEM appealed to the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
9C_373/2025: Inadmissibility of the subsidiary constitutional appeal and cancellation of the ruling of the Cantonal Court of Vaud
Summary of the facts
A.A. and B.A., taxpayers in the Canton of Vaud, submitted their tax declaration for the year 2022 on June 14, 2023. The tax authority issued the assessment on July 21, 2023, and confirmed it on September 1, 2023, despite a submission from the taxpayers. Their appeal to the Cantonal Court of Vaud against an alleged denial of justice regarding the original assessment decision was dismissed as inadmissible on June 3, 2025, because there was no appealable decision.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
4D_149/2025: Decision on the inadmissibility of an appeal in the legal opening procedure
Summary of the facts
The appellant A.________ appealed to the Federal Court against the decision of the Court of Appeal of the Canton of Aargau dated July 3, 2025, which confirmed a previous legal opening of the District Court of Aarau. This definitive legal opening concerned the enforcement of an amount of CHF 24,411.46 as well as Polish court orders in divorce and modification proceedings. The subsidiary constitutional appeal of the appellant was examined by the Federal Court.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.
2F_21/2025: Ruling on the inadmissibility of a revision request
Summary of the facts
A.________ filed supervision complaints against two female attorneys with the Bar Association of the Canton of St. Gallen. Both complaints were closed without the initiation of disciplinary proceedings. The attempt by A.________ to contest these decisions before the Administrative Court of the Canton of St. Gallen failed, as the court did not consider the appeals due to lack of standing. The Federal Court also did not consider the appeal against the rulings of the Administrative Court due to lack of sufficient justification under rulings 2C_502/2025 and 2C_503/2025. The applicant ultimately requested the revision of this ruling.
Complete summary of the ruling can be found on the Portal.